Cat Kidney Disease: Early Signs to Watch For
Why Kidney Disease Is Common in Cats
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects up to 30% of cats over 10 years old. Early detection dramatically improves outcomes and quality of life.
Early Warning Signs
- Increased thirst and urination
- Weight loss despite normal appetite
- Occasional vomiting
- Decreased grooming (unkempt coat)
- Bad breath with ammonia odor
Diagnosis
Blood work (BUN, creatinine, SDMA) and urinalysis detect CKD before symptoms appear. SDMA can detect kidney dysfunction at 25% loss versus 75% for creatinine.
IRIS Staging
The International Renal Interest Society stages CKD from 1 to 4 based on creatinine levels. Most cats are diagnosed at stage 2 or 3.
Treatment Options
- Prescription diet: Low phosphorus, moderate protein
- Subcutaneous fluids: Maintain hydration at home
- Phosphate binders: Reduce phosphorus absorption
- Anti-nausea medication: Improve appetite and comfort
- Blood pressure medication: Protect kidneys from hypertension damage
Prognosis
Stage 1-2 cats can live 2-4+ years with proper management. Stage 3-4 has shorter timelines but quality of life can remain good with aggressive treatment.
